|
Registered Park or Garden
|
Parks and gardens that are considered to be of historic importance are placed on a register. The register comprises a variety of town gardens, public parks and country estates. The main purpose of the register is to help ensure that the features and qualities that make the parks and gardens special are safeguarded if changes are being considered which could affect them.
The gardens on the register are divided into three grades in order to give some guidance about their significance, in a similar way to Listed Buildings. The majority of parks and gardens on the Register are of sufficient interest as to be designated as grade II. Some, however, are recognised as being of exceptional historic interest and are awarded a star giving them grade II* status. A small number are of international importance, and are classified as grade I.
|
| back |
|
WMA
|
West Midlands Archaeology. This publication contains a short description for each of the sites where archaeological work has taken place in the previous year. It covers Herefordshire, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, West Midlands and Worcestershire. Some of these descriptions include photographs, plans and drawings of the sites and/or the finds that have been discovered. The publication is produced by the Council For British Archaeology (CBA) West Midlands and is published annually. Copies are held at the Warwickshire Sites and Monuments Record.
|
| back |
|
Modern
|
The Modern Period, about 1915 AD to the present (the 20th and 21st centuries AD)
In recent years archaeologists have realised the importance of recording modern sites. They do this so that in the future people will be able to look at the remains to help them understand the events to which they are related. more ->
|
| back |
|
Medieval
|
1066 AD to 1539 AD (the 11th century AD to the 16th century AD)
The medieval period comes after the Saxon period and before the post medieval period.
The Medieval period begins in 1066 AD. This was the year that the Normans, led by William the Conqueror (1066 – 1087), invaded England and defeated Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings in East Sussex. The Medieval period includes the first half of the Tudor period (1485 – 1603 AD), when the Tudor family reigned in England and eventually in Scotland too. The end of the Medieval period is marked by Henry VIII’s (1509 – 1547) order for the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the years running up to 1539 AD. The whole of this period is sometimes called the Middle Ages. more ->
|
| back |
|
Imperial
|
1751 AD to 1914 AD (end of the 18th century AD to the beginning of the 20th century AD)
This period comes after the Post Medieval period and before the modern period and starts with beginning of the Industrial Revolution in 1750. It includes the second part of the Hannoverian period (1714 – 1836) and the Victorian period (1837 – 1901). The Imperial period ends with the start of the First World War in 1914. more ->
|
| back |
|
modern
|
About 1915 AD to the present (the 20th and 21st centuries AD)
In recent years archaeologists have realised the importance of recording modern sites. They do this so that in the future people will be able to look at the remains to help them understand the events to which they are related. more ->
|
| back |
|
POOL *
|
A small body of water, either natural or artificial.
|
| back |
|
SPHINX *
|
A sculptured, carved or moulded representation of an imaginary creature with a human head and breast combined with the body of a lion.
|
| back |
|
ICEHOUSE *
|
A structure, partly underground, for the preservation of ice for use during warmer weather.
|
| back |
|
CONSERVATORY *
|
A glasshouse used to grow and display tender decorative plants. May be either an extension to a house or freestanding.
|
| back |
|
HOUSE *
|
A building for human habitation, especially a dwelling place. Use more specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
VILLAGE *
|
A collection of dwelling-houses and other buildings, usually larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town with a simpler organisation and administration than the latter.
|
| back |
|
SITE *
|
Unclassifiable site with minimal information. Specify site type wherever possible.
|
| back |
|
KITCHEN GARDEN *
|
A private garden established primarily for growing vegetables and herbs for domestic consumption.
|
| back |
|
SETTLEMENT *
|
A small concentration of dwellings.
|
| back |
|
LODGE *
|
A small building, often inhabited by a gatekeeper, gamekeeper or similar. Use specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
BREWHOUSE *
|
An outbuilding containing brewing equipment, as opposed to a large commercial BREWERY. Often found in conjunction with public houses, country houses etc.
|
| back |
|
GATE LODGE *
|
A dwelling, located at the entrance, or gates, to an estate or park, etc.
|
| back |
|
BUILDING *
|
A structure with a roof to provide shelter from the weather for occupants or contents. Use specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
LAKE *
|
A large body of water surrounded by land.
|
| back |
|
BOAT HOUSE *
|
A house or shelter for the storage and/or launching of boats.
|
| back |
|
DEER PARK *
|
A large park for keeping deer. In medieval times the prime purpose was for hunting.
|
| back |
|
CANAL *
|
An artificial navigable waterway used for the transportation of goods. Nowadays also used for recreational purposes.
|
| back |
|
STONE *
|
Use only where stone is natural or where there is no indication of function.
|
| back |
|
FORMAL GARDEN *
|
A garden of regular, linear or geometrical design, often associated with the traditional Italian, French and Dutch styles.
|
| back |
|
PARK *
|
An enclosed piece of land, generally large in area, used for hunting, the cultivation of trees, for grazing sheep and cattle or visual enjoyment. Use more specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
ARCH *
|
A structure over an opening usually formed of wedge-shaped blocks of brick or stone held together by mutual pressure and supported at the sides; they can also be formed from moulded concrete/ cast metal. A component; use for free-standing structure only.
|
| back |
|
BOUNDARY *
|
The limit to an area as defined on a map or by a marker of some form, eg. BOUNDARY WALL. Use specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
FEATURE *
|
Areas of indeterminate function.
|
| back |
|
DWELLING *
|
Places of residence.
|
| back |
|
CELLAR *
|
A room or group of rooms usually below the ground level and usually under a building, often used for storing fuel, provisions or wines.
|
| back |
|
DRAIN *
|
An artificial channel for draining water or carrying it off.
|
| back |
|
GARDEN TEMPLE *
|
A garden building, usually in the Gothic or classical style. The term can be applied to many types of garden building with an interior space in which to stand or sit. Use specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
CHURCH *
|
A building used for public Christian worship. Use more specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
FACADE *
|
Use wider site type where known. Only use term where no other part of original building survives.
|
| back |
|
DRIVE *
|
A road/carriage way giving access from the main road to the house, stables.
|
| back |
|
OBELISK *
|
A tall, tapering pillar with a pyramidal top, generally square on plan. Used in England from the late 16th century as a public, funerary or garden monument.
|
| back |
|
PATH *
|
A way made for pedestrians, especially one merely made by walking (often not specially constructed).
|
| back |
|
ESTATE VILLAGE *
|
A purpose-built model village for the workers on a country house estate.
|
| back |
|
FORECOURT *
|
The court or enclosed space at the front of a building or structure.
|
| back |
|
ROAD *
|
A way between different places, used by horses, travellers on foot and vehicles.
|
| back |
|
WALK *
|
A place or path for walking in a park or garden. Use more specific type where possible.
|
| back |
|
PASTURE *
|
A field covered with herbage for the grazing of livestock.
|
| back |
|
PARTERRE *
|
A level space in a garden occupied by ornamental flower beds.
|
| back |
|
WELL *
|
A shaft or pit dug in the ground over a supply of spring-water.
|
| back |
|
PIER *
|
A structure of iron or wood, open below, running out into the sea and used as a promenade and landing stage.
|
| back |
|
BRIDGE *
|
A structure of wood, stone, iron, brick or concrete, etc, with one or more intervals under it to span a river or other space. Use specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
COACH HOUSE *
|
An outbuilding where a horse-drawn carriage is kept.
|
| back |
|
OUTBUILDING *
|
A detached subordinate building. Use specific type where known, eg. DAIRY.
|
| back |
|
ENCLOSURE *
|
An area of land enclosed by a boundary ditch, bank, wall, palisade or other similar barrier. Use specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
WOOD *
|
A tract of land with trees, sometimes acting as a boundary or barrier, usually smaller and less wild than a forest.
|
| back |
|
RAILINGS *
|
A fence or barrier made of metal or wooden rails.
|
| back |
|
TRENCH *
|
An excavation used as a means of concealment, protection or both.
|
| back |
|
GATEWAY *
|
A substantial structure supporting or surrounding a gate. May be ornate or monumental, and have associated structures such as lodges, tollbooths, guard houses etc.
|
| back |
|
MANSION HOUSE *
|
Traditionally the chief residence of a land owner. Now used specifically to describe the residence of the Lord Mayor of London.
|
| back |
|
DITCH *
|
A long and narrow hollow or trench dug in the ground, often used to carry water though it may be dry for much of the year.
|
| back |
|
CHAPEL *
|
A freestanding building, or a room or recess serving as a place of Christian worship in a church or other building. Use more specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
SQUARE *
|
An open space or area, usually square in plan, in a town or city, enclosed by residential and/or commercial buildings, frequently containing a garden or laid out with trees.
|
| back |
|
KENNELS *
|
A house or range of buildings in which dogs are kept, eg. hunting hounds.
|
| back |
|
BURIAL *
|
An interment of human or animal remains. Use specific type where known. If component use with wider site type. Use FUNERARY SITE for optimum retrieval in searches.
|
| back |
|
COLUMN *
|
Use for free standing column.
|
| back |
|
GARDEN *
|
An enclosed piece of ground devoted to the cultivation of flowers, fruit or vegetables and/or recreational purposes. Use more specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
LANDSCAPE PARK *
|
Grounds, usually associated with a country house, laid out so as to produce the effect of natural scenery
|
| back |
|
STRUCTURE *
|
A construction of unknown function, either extant or implied by archaeological evidence. If known, use more specific type.
|
| back |
|
FARM BUILDING *
|
A building or structure of unknown function found on a farm. Use more specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
ORANGERY *
|
A gallery or building in a garden, usually south facing, used for the growing of oranges and other fruit.
|
| back |
|
STABLE *
|
A building in which horses are accommodated.
|
| back |
|
ORCHARD *
|
An enclosure used for the cultivation of fruit trees.
|
| back |
|
RIDE *
|
A road or way for riding on horseback within a park or estate.
|
| back |
|
HA HA *
|
A dry ditch or sunken fence which divided the formal garden from the landscaped park without interrupting the view.
|
| back |
|
CROSS *
|
A free-standing structure, in the form of a cross (+), symbolizing the structure on which Jesus Christ was crucified and sacred to the Christian faith. Use specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
COPPICE *
|
A managed small wood or thicket of underwood grown to be periodically cut to encourage new growth providing smaller timber.
|
| back |
|
GATE *
|
A movable stucture which enables or prevents entrance to be gained. Usually situated in a wall or similar barrier and supported by gate posts.
|
| back |
|
LAWN *
|
A flat, and usually level area of mown and cultivated grass, attached to a house.
|
| back |
|
STREAM *
|
A natural flow or current of water issuing from a source.
|
| back |
|
FOOTPATH *
|
A path for pedestrians only.
|
| back |
|
FAMILY VAULT *
|
A burial vault built to contain the remains of members of a single family, household or dynasty.
|
| back |
|
FENCE *
|
A construction of wood or metal used to enclose an area of land, a building, etc.
|
| back |
|
WALL *
|
An enclosing structure composed of bricks, stones or similar materials, laid in courses. Use specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
TEMPLE *
|
Use for places of worship. For later landscape features use, eg. GARDEN TEMPLE.
|
| back |
|
WORKS *
|
Usually a complex of buildings for the processing of raw materials. Use specific type where known.
|
| back |
|
CLEARANCE *
|
An area of ground which has been cleared of plants and other obstruction.
|
| back |
|
DAM *
|
A barrier of concrete or earth, etc, built across a river to create a reservoir of water for domestic and/or industrial usage.
|
| back |
|
TERRACE *
|
A row of houses attached to and adjoining one another and planned and built as one unit.
|
| back |