Information for record number MWA2652:
Baddesley Clinton Hall Park, Baddesley Clinton

Summary	The park at Baddesley Clinton Hall comprises an 18th century walled garden with medieval fishponds and 19th century pleasure grounds, and 16th and 19th century parkland, surrounding a moated medieval manor house.

What Is It?
Type:	Landscape Park, Walled Garden, Kitchen Garden, Drive, Formal Garden, Sundial, Pool
Period:	Modern - Modern (1600 AD - 2050 AD)

Where Is It?
Parish:	Baddesley Clinton
District:	Warwick, Warwickshire
Grid Reference:	SP 20 71
(Data represented on this map shows the current selected record as a single point, this is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent an accurate or complete representation of archaeological sites or features)

Level of Protection	National - Old SMR PrefRef (Grade: ) Registered Park or Garden (Grade: II) Sites & Monuments Record

Description
Source Number
3 6 Baddesley Clinton Hall 33 heactre site comprises 4 heactres of gardens, pleasure grounds and ponds, and 29 heactres of parkland. It is approached from the minor road which forms the northern site boundary, the tarmac and gravel drive ascends south-south-east between timber paling for 30m to reach a late 19th century single-storey lodge which stands to the west of the drive. The lodge is constructed in stone with Tudor-gothic mullioned windows below half-timbered gables ornamented with coloured shields, and was constructed for Edward Dering circa 1890. Immediately south of the lodge the drive passes through a timber five-bar gate and enters an avenue of limes which extends 190m south-south-east through the park. Turning south-east the drive continues for 260m along the north-east boundary of the park before turning sharply south adjacent to a copse known as Badger's Dell, in which is located the medieval quarry from which stone for the house was dug. The drive extends 350m south-south-west through the park to reach a pair of 19th century ornamental timber gates supported on timber posts with ogee finials and set in a timber pale fence which encloses the pleasure grounds around the house. Some 20m north of this gateway an 18th century brick-lined carriage wash lies to the west of the drive. The drive turns south-west and passes between lawns to reach the gravelled forecourt which lies to the north-east of the house. To the south-east of the forecourt a further service drive leads to the 18th century stable and farmyard which replaced late medieval stone barns and farm buildings 50m north-east of the house. These buildings were destroyed by fire, and their earthwork remains are visible in the lawns north of the drive. The forecourt is enclosed to the north-east by a 19th century low, coursed stone wall which flanks a pair of late 19th century rusticated gate piers surmounted by acorn finials. The present walls and gate piers replaced early 18th century panelled piers surmounted by urns and flanked by low walls and a painted timber palisade. The 18th century walls in turn replaced an early 15th century timber gatehouse which guarded an outer moat, the line of which is visible in the lawn north of the drive. To the south-west the forecourt adjoins the inner moat, which is crossed by an early 18th century two-arched brick bridge which leads to the 15th and late 16th century gatehouse. The south-east side of the forecourt is formed by the early 18th century brick stables which have attic dormers and a 19th century ornamental cupola set in the tiled roof. A further drive, today a footpath, approaches the house from a minor road, Hay Lane, to the south-east. Now known as Church Walk, the footpath extends 160m north-west from Hay Lane to reach the churchyard of St James' Church which stands 320m east-south-east of the house. Passing through the churchyard adjacent to its southern boundary, the path leads through a timber gate and continues for 270m north-west to reach the service drive east of the farmyard. This path formed the principal approach to the medieval house, while the present principal approach was developed from a medieval drove track in the early 18th century. PRINCIPAL building Baddesley Clinton Hall is a 15th century moated courtyard house which stands on the site of an earlier moated dwelling. gardenS AND PLEASURE GROUNDS Informal pleasure grounds lie to the north and west of the house, while a formal walled garden lies to the south. The central courtyard of the house is also laid out as a formal garden. The courtyard garden comprises a central geometrical lawn in which are cut seven closely spaced diamond-shaped beds. The lawn is enclosed by brick and gravel-edged paths, while narrow outer lawns are planted with topiary yew acorns. The walled garden is enclosed to the north-east by the west facade of the early 18th century stables and farm buildings, and to the south-west by an 18th ccentury brick wall 3m high. The south-east boundary is formed by a lower brick wall, partly rebuilt in the mid 20th century, which allows views out across the south park and fields on rising ground beyond. A simple stone, square-section pedestal supports a sundial, which stands at the centre of a large rectangular lawn which occupies the central area of the walled enclosure. The sundial is flanked by four segmental rose beds. A gravelled perimeter Walk encircles the lawn. The north-east Walk is aligned to the south-east on a brick arch-fronted alcove, known as the Donkey House but in the 19th century used as a peacock roost, which today ontains an ornamental late 19th century timber seat. An ornamental wrought-iron gate set in an arched opening at the south-west corner of the walled garden leads to the pleasure grounds to the west of the house. Three 19th century brick and timber lean-to glasshouses, stand against the outer face of the south-west wall of the walled garden overlooking a sloping lawn which descends west towards the lake. Adjacent to the hedge which separates the pleasure grounds from the south park, the Undine Walk replaced a further area of 19th century kitchen garden which was abandoned circa 1970. The nuttery to the north-west, comprising four rows of cob nuts adjoins a mid 19th century rustic timber hut. Some 130m south-west of the house the lake or Great Pool is an irregular-shaped artificial pond which is retained by a dam to the west. Informal woodland Walks follow the banks of the lake. To the north the Walk is carried over the inlet to the lake on a rustic timber bridge with saltire-patterned balustrades which was constructed in 1996 following a 19th century pattern. Two medieval fish ponds are situated on higher ground to the north-east of the lake, some 30m north-west of the house. The larger, southern pond extends 50m from north-east to south-west, while the smaller pond lies to the north and extends 30m from north-west to south-east. park parkland lies to the north and south-east of the house. The north park is today meadow and is divided into four enclosures which correspond to those shown on the estate plan of 1699. The present north park includes the late 17th century Milking Yard north of the house, the 'Hithermost Peece of ye parke', 'The Lane Peece' which adjoined Rising Lane to the north, and the 'barne field' to the east of the drive. The late 17th century north park included two further enclosures to the north-east: 'Midle Peece of the parke', and 'Further Peece of the parke' which adjoined park Farm at the junction of Rising Lane and Hay Lane 1km north-east of the house. These enclosures had ceased to form part of the park by the late 19th century, and are agricultural land today. The north park was enclosed in the early 16th century. The south-east park comprises a meadow enclosure on rising ground to the south-east of the walled garden. To the north-east the south-east park is bounded by the Church Walk and the parish church, while to the south-east and south-west it is separated from adjacent agricultural land by hedges. A clump of ornamental trees including pines grows 100m south of the house, while extensive areas of ridge and furrow survive in the park. kitchen garden The walled garden to the south of the house was used as an ornamental kitchen garden in the late 19th century, but fell into disuse in the 1920s. A further area of kitchen garden to the south-west of the walled garden was similarly abandoned in the 1970s. Today (1999) there is no kitchen garden at Baddesley Clinton. 1 Shaded area on the 1886 map representing a park belonging to Baddesley Clinton Hall. 2 There are no obvious park boundaries, although the area is now mainly pasture and in places does seem to include possible ridge and furrow. 4 A watching brief carried out by Chris Currie in 1994 revealed what may have been substantial stone-built structures beyond the present forecourt. These may be the buildings shown on an estate map of 1699. The use of stone suggests they were not peasant properties, but well-built structures associated with the manor. The well-made cobbled surface suggests an adjoining Yard, possibly a stable Yard or demesne Farm. They seem to have been replaced by the present outbuildings after 1700. There appears to be evidence for substantial landscaping around the house in the late post-medieval period, with laying of drains and general levelling. A medieval mill appears to have disappeared between 1668 and 1699, with its former pond being reused within these landscaping schemes. This evidence, coupled with evidence for parkland-type plantings in the area known in 1699 and 1848 as The park, suggests that there was far more extensive ornamental works being undertaken at Baddesley Clinton than has previously been credited. A brick buttress located on the north side of the courtyard does not appear to be associated with the present stone wall, suggesting it may have been an earlier feature. 5 Lovie reported house as property of National Trust since 1980. At time of Lovie's visit (1996/7) parkland to North agricultural. formal garden to S recreated in early 20th century character but not to original plan; courtyard garden with heraldic design; lakeside Walk restored; orchard. 7 In 2012 a conservation management plan was created for the parkland. As part of the plan a detailed history of the site was written and all the main features in the parkland were photoggraphed and their condition assessed.
Sources
Source No: 5 Source Type: Bibliographic reference Title: Warwickshire Register Review Data Tables (Warwick) Author/originator: Lovie, Jonathan Date: 1997 Page Number: Volume/Sheet:     Source No: 3 Source Type: Bibliographic reference Title: Register of Parks and Gardens of special historic interest in England Author/originator: English Heritage Date: 1994 Page Number: Volume/Sheet:     Source No: 7 Source Type: Conservation Plan Title: Baddesley Clinton, Parkland Plan Author/originator: The National Trust Date: 2012 Page Number: Volume/Sheet:     Source No: 6 Source Type: Statuatory List Title: National Heritage List for England Author/originator: Historic England Date: Page Number: Volume/Sheet:     Source No: 1 Source Type: Map Title: 6" OS Sht 22SW CRO Author/originator: Ordnance Survey Date: 1886 Page Number: Volume/Sheet:     Source No: 2 Source Type: Unpublished document Title: SMR Card Author/originator: Thomson D J Date: 1983 Page Number: Volume/Sheet: PRN 4402     Source No: 4 Source Type: Watching Brief Report Title: Watching Brief on service trenches at Baddesley Clinton, Warwickshire Author/originator: C K Currie Date: 1994 Page Number: Volume/Sheet:

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