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Listed Building
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Buildings and structures, such as bridges, that are of architectural or historical importance are placed on a statutory list. These buildings are protected by planning and conservation acts that ensure that their special features of interest are considered before any alterations are made to them.
Depending on how important the buildings are they are classed as Grade I, Grade II* or Grade II. Grade I buildings are those of exceptional interest. Grade II* are particularly important buildings of more than special interest. Those listed as Grade II are those buildings that are regarded of special interest.
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Modern
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The Modern Period, about 1915 AD to the present (the 20th and 21st centuries AD)
In recent years archaeologists have realised the importance of recording modern sites. They do this so that in the future people will be able to look at the remains to help them understand the events to which they are related.
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modern
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About 1915 AD to the present (the 20th and 21st centuries AD)
In recent years archaeologists have realised the importance of recording modern sites. They do this so that in the future people will be able to look at the remains to help them understand the events to which they are related.
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SHAFT *
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Use only if function unknown, otherwise use specific type.
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COUNTRY HOUSE *
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The rural residence of a country gentleman.
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HOTEL *
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A large building used for the accommodation of paying travellers and guests.
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SITE *
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Unclassifiable site with minimal information. Specify site type wherever possible.
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BUILDING *
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A structure with a roof to provide shelter from the weather for occupants or contents. Use specific type where known.
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STONE *
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Use only where stone is natural or where there is no indication of function.
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ARCH *
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A structure over an opening usually formed of wedge-shaped blocks of brick or stone held together by mutual pressure and supported at the sides; they can also be formed from moulded concrete/ cast metal. A component; use for free-standing structure only.
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KEEP *
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The major tower of a fortification, often acting as its last defence.
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BALUSTRADE *
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A row of balusters, usually made of stone, surmounted by a rail or coping.
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TURRET *
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A small tower or bartizan, which was often placed at the angles of a castle, to increase the flanking ability, some only serving as corner buttresses. Also used to describe the small rectangular towers situated between the milecastles along Hadrians Wall.
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FLOOR *
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A layer of stone, brick or boards, etc, on which people tread. Use broader site type where known.
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TOWER *
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A tall building, either round, square or polygonal in plan, used for a variety of purposes, including defence, as a landmark, for the hanging of bells, industrial functions, etc. Use more specific type where known.
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VAULT *
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An underground room or building with an arched roof, often used as a burial chamber. Use wider site type where known.
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CASTLE *
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A fortress and dwelling, usually medieval in origin, and often consisting of a keep, curtain wall and towers etc.
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SERVICE WING *
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A building or wing of a large house in which the servants would live and carry out some of their duties.
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WELL *
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A shaft or pit dug in the ground over a supply of spring-water.
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PIER *
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A structure of iron or wood, open below, running out into the sea and used as a promenade and landing stage.
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WOOD *
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A tract of land with trees, sometimes acting as a boundary or barrier, usually smaller and less wild than a forest.
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COLLEGE *
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An establishment, often forming part of a university, for higher or tertiary education.
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MOUNTING BLOCK *
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A block for mounting a horse.
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SQUARE *
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An open space or area, usually square in plan, in a town or city, enclosed by residential and/or commercial buildings, frequently containing a garden or laid out with trees.
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COMMERCIAL OFFICE *
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The administrative office of a commercial concern.
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GARDEN *
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An enclosed piece of ground devoted to the cultivation of flowers, fruit or vegetables and/or recreational purposes. Use more specific type where known.
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HAMMER *
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A machine in which a heavy block of metal is used for beating, breaking or driving something.
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ROUND *
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A small, Iron Age/Romano-British enclosed settlement found in South West England.
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CROSS *
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A free-standing structure, in the form of a cross (+), symbolizing the structure on which Jesus Christ was crucified and sacred to the Christian faith. Use specific type where known.
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OFFICE *
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A building or room where business, administrative or professional activities are conducted. Use specific type where known.
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AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE *
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An educational establishment where agricultural theory and practice is taught.
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CHIMNEY *
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Chimney used on an industrial or commercial site.
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WALL *
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An enclosing structure composed of bricks, stones or similar materials, laid in courses. Use specific type where known.
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STATUE *
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A representation in the round of a living being, allegorical personage, eminent person or animal, etc, sculptured, moulded or cast in marble, metal, plaster, etc.
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* Copyright of English Heritage (1999)
