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Registered Park or Garden
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Parks and gardens that are considered to be of historic importance are placed on a register. The register comprises a variety of town gardens, public parks and country estates. The main purpose of the register is to help ensure that the features and qualities that make the parks and gardens special are safeguarded if changes are being considered which could affect them.
The gardens on the register are divided into three grades in order to give some guidance about their significance, in a similar way to Listed Buildings. The majority of parks and gardens on the Register are of sufficient interest as to be designated as grade II. Some, however, are recognised as being of exceptional historic interest and are awarded a star giving them grade II* status. A small number are of international importance, and are classified as grade I.
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FLOWER BED *
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A plot of earth used for the raising of flowers and shrubs.
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YARD *
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A paved area, generally found at the back of a house.
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HOUSE *
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A building for human habitation, especially a dwelling place. Use more specific type where known.
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BENCH *
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A long seat, usually made of stone or wood, with or without a back.
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SITE *
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Unclassifiable site with minimal information. Specify site type wherever possible.
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BORDER *
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A strip of ground forming a fringe to a garden. Use more specific type where known.
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TUNNEL ARBOUR *
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An extended arbour, eg. the beech arbour at Hampton Court, Middlesex.
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BUILDING *
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A structure with a roof to provide shelter from the weather for occupants or contents. Use specific type where known.
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STONE *
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Use only where stone is natural or where there is no indication of function.
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FORMAL GARDEN *
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A garden of regular, linear or geometrical design, often associated with the traditional Italian, French and Dutch styles.
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PARK *
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An enclosed piece of land, generally large in area, used for hunting, the cultivation of trees, for grazing sheep and cattle or visual enjoyment. Use more specific type where known.
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BALUSTRADE *
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A row of balusters, usually made of stone, surmounted by a rail or coping.
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BOUNDARY *
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The limit to an area as defined on a map or by a marker of some form, eg. BOUNDARY WALL. Use specific type where known.
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KNOT GARDEN *
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An intricately designed garden in which ground coves, low shrubs or coloured earths are arranged in interlacing patterns resembling knots
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TRELLIS *
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A framework used as a support upon which fruit-trees or climbing plants are trained.
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GLASSHOUSE *
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A building made chiefly of glass, used to grow plants and fruit in. Use more specific type where possible.
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ARBOUR *
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A lattice work bower or shady retreat covered with climbing plants.
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FACADE *
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Use wider site type where known. Only use term where no other part of original building survives.
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SHELTER *
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A structure which protects an area of ground from the weather.
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WALK *
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A place or path for walking in a park or garden. Use more specific type where possible.
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PEDESTAL *
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A concrete, cylindrical pedestal on which a spigot mortar was mounted. The pedestal is often the only evidence for a Spigot Mortar emplacement to survive.
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SEAT *
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An external structure used to sit on.
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PAVILION *
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A light, sometimes ornamental structure in a garden, park or place of recreation, used for entertainment or shelter. Use specific type where known.
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PARTERRE *
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A level space in a garden occupied by ornamental flower beds.
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WELL *
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A shaft or pit dug in the ground over a supply of spring-water.
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ENCLOSURE *
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An area of land enclosed by a boundary ditch, bank, wall, palisade or other similar barrier. Use specific type where known.
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RAILINGS *
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A fence or barrier made of metal or wooden rails.
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TURNSTILE *
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A barrier which rotates on an axis and is usually so arranged as to allow a person to pass through an opening only in one direction.
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TRENCH *
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An excavation used as a means of concealment, protection or both.
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CHAPEL *
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A freestanding building, or a room or recess serving as a place of Christian worship in a church or other building. Use more specific type where known.
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SQUARE *
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An open space or area, usually square in plan, in a town or city, enclosed by residential and/or commercial buildings, frequently containing a garden or laid out with trees.
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SCULPTURE *
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A figurative or abstract design in the round or in relief, made by chiselling stone, carving wood, modelling clay, casting metal, or similar processes.
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COLUMN *
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Use for free standing column.
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GARDEN *
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An enclosed piece of ground devoted to the cultivation of flowers, fruit or vegetables and/or recreational purposes. Use more specific type where known.
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SHED *
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A slight structure built for shelter or storage, or for use as a workshop, either attached as a lean-to to a permanent building or separate. Use more specific type where known.
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HEDGE *
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Usually a row of bushes or small trees planted closely together to form a boundary between pieces of land or at the sides of a road.
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WILD GARDEN *
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A garden where woodland and meadow flowers grow in an apparently natural way.
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TOWN HALL *
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A large building used for the transaction of the public business of a town, the holding of courts of justice, entertainments and other activities.
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PLEASURE GARDEN *
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A type of 18th century public park, with refreshment houses, concert rooms, etc.
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ROW *
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A row of buildings built during different periods, as opposed to a TERRACE.
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PLAQUE *
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An ornamental, commemorative tablet. Use with materials field when indexing.
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TOWN HOUSE *
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A gentry house in a town or city, either detached or in a terrace.
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GATE *
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A movable stucture which enables or prevents entrance to be gained. Usually situated in a wall or similar barrier and supported by gate posts.
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BOUNDARY WALL *
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Any wall enclosing a building or complex of buildings, eg. prisons, dockyards, factories, etc.
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LAWN *
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A flat, and usually level area of mown and cultivated grass, attached to a house.
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ROSE BORDER *
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A long bed containing rose plants.
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STEPS *
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A series of flat-topped structures, usually made of stone or wood, used to facilitate a person's movement from one level to another.
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WALL *
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An enclosing structure composed of bricks, stones or similar materials, laid in courses. Use specific type where known.
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TERRACE *
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A row of houses attached to and adjoining one another and planned and built as one unit.
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* Copyright of English Heritage (1999)