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excavation
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Archaeologists excavate sites so that they can find information and recover archaeological materials before they are destroyed by erosion, construction or changes in land-use.
Depending on how complicated and widespread the archaeological deposits are, excavation can be done by hand or with heavy machinery. Archaeologists may excavate a site in a number of ways; either by open area excavation, by digging a test pit or a trial trench.
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Roman
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About 43 AD to 409 AD (the 1st century AD to the 5th century AD)
The Roman period comes after the Iron Age and before the Saxon period.
The Roman period in Britain began in 43 AD when a Roman commander called Aulus Plautius invaded the south coast, near Kent. There were a series of skirmishes with the native Britons, who were defeated. In the months that followed, more Roman troops arrived and slowly moved westwards and northwards.
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LAYER *
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An archaeological unit of soil in a horizontal plane which may seal features or be cut through by other features.
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MIDDEN *
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A refuse heap.
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BLEACHFIELD *
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Large field or yard used to lay fabrics out ready for bleaching.
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TRENCH *
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An excavation used as a means of concealment, protection or both.
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* Copyright of English Heritage (1999)
