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SMR Card
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Sites and Monuments Record Card. The Warwickshire Sites and Monuments Record began to be developed during the 1970s. The details of individual archaeological sites and findspots were written on record cards. These record cards were used until the 1990s, when their details were entered on to a computerised system. The record cards are still kept at the office of the Warwickshire Sites and Monuments Record.
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Earthwork
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Earthworks can take the form of banks, ditches and mounds. They are usually created for a specific purpose. A bank, for example, might be the remains of a boundary between two or more fields. Some earthworks may be all that remains of a collapsed building, for example, the grassed-over remains of building foundations.
In the winter, when the sun is lower in the sky than during the other seasons, earthworks have larger shadows. From the air, archaeologists are able to see the patterns of the earthworks more easily. Earthworks can sometimes be confusing when viewed at ground level, but from above, the general plan is much clearer.
Archaeologists often carry out an aerial survey or an earthwork survey to help them understand the lumps and bumps they can see on the ground.
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POOL *
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A small body of water, either natural or artificial.
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MILL RACE *
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The channel of water that provides a current of water to drive a millwheel.
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SITE *
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Unclassifiable site with minimal information. Specify site type wherever possible.
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WATERCOURSE *
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A channel used for or formed by the conveyance of water. Can be natural, eg. a river or artificial eg. an aqueduct. Use more specific type where known.
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BUILDING *
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A structure with a roof to provide shelter from the weather for occupants or contents. Use specific type where known.
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STONE *
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Use only where stone is natural or where there is no indication of function.
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MILL *
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A factory used for processing raw materials. Use more specific mill type where known. See also TEXTILE MILL, for more narrow terms.
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FIELD *
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An area of land, often enclosed, used for cultivation or the grazing of livestock.
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WATER CHANNEL *
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An artificial watercourse for the conveyance of water.
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MEADOW *
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A piece of grassland, often near a river, permanently covered with grass which is mown for use as hay.
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WATERMILL *
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A mill whose machinery is driven by water.
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STREAM *
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A natural flow or current of water issuing from a source.
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FARM *
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A tract of land, often including a farmhouse and ancillary buildings, used for the purpose of cultivation and the rearing of livestock, etc. Use more specific type where known.
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EARTHWORK *
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A bank or mound of earth used as a rampart or fortification.
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DAM *
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A barrier of concrete or earth, etc, built across a river to create a reservoir of water for domestic and/or industrial usage.
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* Copyright of English Heritage (1999)
