Information for record number MWA8716:
Post-medieval activity, Wellesbourne Road

Summary Post-medieval features, including an 18th century wall, an earlier well, and a 19th century outbuilding, were recorded close to the street frontage of wellesbourne Road, Barford.
What Is It?  
Type: Wall, Well, Building, Wall, Floor
Period: Imperial - Industrial (1700 AD - 1800 AD)
Where Is It?  
Parish: Barford
District: Warwick, Warwickshire
Grid Reference: SP 26 60
(Data represented on this map shows the current selected record as a single point, this is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent an accurate or complete representation of archaeological sites or features)
Level of Protection National - Old SMR PrefRef (Grade: )
Sites & Monuments Record
Description

  
Source Number  

1 Four trial trenches were excavated. Observation was subsequently carried out during topsoil stripping in the south-west of the development and during excavation of the foundation trenches for two dwellings. No finds of Romano-British date were recovered which may suggest that the Roman settlement, indicated by the cropmark to the south-west, does not extend this far. A single sherd of 13th/14th century pottery was found. Post-medieval features, including an 18th century wall and an earlier, possible well were recorded close to the street frontage. A scatter of Post Medieval and modern pottery was recovered from the trial trenches and during topsoil stripping.
2 The foundation trench for a brick wall and an associated brick floor were recorded within a mitigation trial trench at Hemmings Mill, Barford. These features represented an outbuilding that was shown on 19th century maps (OS 1887). A ceramic drain was also recorded, which was probably for a toilet in the outbuilding. These features overlay a series of undated probable gravel quarry pits.
 
Sources
Source No: 2
Source Type: Excavation Report
Title: Archaeological Excavation at Hemmings Mill, Barford, Warwickshire
Author/originator: Palmer S
Date: 2004
Page Number:
Volume/Sheet: Report No 0401
   
Source No: 1
Source Type: Observation Report
Title: Archaeological Observation to the rear of 2 and 4 Wellesbourne Road, Barford
Author/originator: Helmsley S
Date: 1999
Page Number:
Volume/Sheet: Report No 9908
   
Images:  
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Glossary

 
Word or Phrase
Description  
technique Cropmark Cropmarks appear as light and dark marks in growing and ripening crops. These marks relate to differences in the soil below. For example, parched lines of grass may indicate stone walls. Crops that grow over stone features often ripen more quickly and are shorter than the surrounding crop. This is because there is less moisture in the soil where the wall lies.

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technique excavation Archaeologists excavate sites so that they can find information and recover archaeological materials before they are destroyed by erosion, construction or changes in land-use.

Depending on how complicated and widespread the archaeological deposits are, excavation can be done by hand or with heavy machinery. Archaeologists may excavate a site in a number of ways; either by open area excavation, by digging a test pit or a trial trench.
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technique Trial Trench A small regular hole that is usually square or rectangular in shape. Archaeologists dig trial trenches to discover if there are any archaeological remains at a particular location. See also excavation. back
period Modern The Modern Period, about 1915 AD to the present (the 20th and 21st centuries AD)

In recent years archaeologists have realised the importance of recording modern sites. They do this so that in the future people will be able to look at the remains to help them understand the events to which they are related.
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period Roman About 43 AD to 409 AD (the 1st century AD to the 5th century AD)

The Roman period comes after the Iron Age and before the Saxon period.

The Roman period in Britain began in 43 AD when a Roman commander called Aulus Plautius invaded the south coast, near Kent. There were a series of skirmishes with the native Britons, who were defeated. In the months that followed, more Roman troops arrived and slowly moved westwards and northwards.
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period Medieval 1066 AD to 1539 AD (the 11th century AD to the 16th century AD)

The medieval period comes after the Saxon period and before the post medieval period.

The Medieval period begins in 1066 AD.
This was the year that the Normans, led by William the Conqueror (1066 – 1087), invaded England and defeated Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings in East Sussex.
The Medieval period includes the first half of the Tudor period (1485 – 1603 AD), when the Tudor family reigned in England and eventually in Scotland too.

The end of the Medieval period is marked by Henry VIII’s (1509 – 1547) order for the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the years running up to 1539 AD. The whole of this period is sometimes called the Middle Ages.
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period Post Medieval About 1540 AD to 1750 AD (the 16th century AD to the 18th century AD)

The Post Medieval period comes after the medieval period and before the Imperial period.

This period covers the second half of the reign of the Tudors (1485 – 1603), the reign of the Stuarts (1603 – 1702) and the beginning of the reign of the Hannoverians (1714 – 1836).
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period Imperial 1751 AD to 1914 AD (end of the 18th century AD to the beginning of the 20th century AD)

This period comes after the Post Medieval period and before the modern period and starts with beginning of the Industrial Revolution in 1750. It includes the second part of the Hannoverian period (1714 – 1836) and the Victorian period (1837 – 1901). The Imperial period ends with the start of the First World War in 1914.
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period modern About 1915 AD to the present (the 20th and 21st centuries AD)

In recent years archaeologists have realised the importance of recording modern sites. They do this so that in the future people will be able to look at the remains to help them understand the events to which they are related.
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monument TOILET * A small room or building containing a lavatory and, in more recent times, washing facilities. back
monument SETTLEMENT * A small concentration of dwellings. back
monument BUILDING * A structure with a roof to provide shelter from the weather for occupants or contents. Use specific type where known. back
monument FLOOR * A layer of stone, brick or boards, etc, on which people tread. Use broader site type where known. back
monument MILL * A factory used for processing raw materials. Use more specific mill type where known. See also TEXTILE MILL, for more narrow terms. back
monument FEATURE * Areas of indeterminate function. back
monument DWELLING * Places of residence. back
monument DRAIN * An artificial channel for draining water or carrying it off. back
monument ROAD * A way between different places, used by horses, travellers on foot and vehicles. back
monument INDUSTRIAL * This is the top term for the class. See INDUSTRIAL Class List for narrow terms. back
monument PIT * A hole or cavity in the ground, either natural or the result of excavation. Use more specific type where known. back
monument WELL * A shaft or pit dug in the ground over a supply of spring-water. back
monument OUTBUILDING * A detached subordinate building. Use specific type where known, eg. DAIRY. back
monument TRENCH * An excavation used as a means of concealment, protection or both. back
monument QUARRY * An excavation from which stone for building and other functions, is obtained by cutting, blasting, etc. back
monument WALL * An enclosing structure composed of bricks, stones or similar materials, laid in courses. Use specific type where known. back

* Copyright of English Heritage (1999)

English Heritage National Monuments Record