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Medieval
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1066 AD to 1539 AD (the 11th century AD to the 16th century AD)
The medieval period comes after the Saxon period and before the post medieval period.
The Medieval period begins in 1066 AD. This was the year that the Normans, led by William the Conqueror (1066 – 1087), invaded England and defeated Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings in East Sussex. The Medieval period includes the first half of the Tudor period (1485 – 1603 AD), when the Tudor family reigned in England and eventually in Scotland too. The end of the Medieval period is marked by Henry VIII’s (1509 – 1547) order for the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the years running up to 1539 AD. The whole of this period is sometimes called the Middle Ages. more ->
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SHEEP DIP *
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A place where sheep are washed in a chemical bath to control the parasites of sheep. To conserve the poisonous chemicals the bath is usually small and are not allowed to enter any watercourse.
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VILLAGE *
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A collection of dwelling-houses and other buildings, usually larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town with a simpler organisation and administration than the latter.
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SITE *
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Unclassifiable site with minimal information. Specify site type wherever possible.
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STONE *
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Use only where stone is natural or where there is no indication of function.
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SLUICE GATE *
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The gate of a sluice which can be opened or shut to let out or retain the water.
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RAMP *
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An inclined plane connecting two different levels, used to accomodate the movement of vehicles, wheeled apparatus,livestock etc.
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ROAD *
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A way between different places, used by horses, travellers on foot and vehicles.
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PLATFORM *
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Unspecified. Use specific type where known.
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SLUICE *
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A dam which can be raised or lowered to regulate the flow of water.
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STRUCTURE *
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A construction of unknown function, either extant or implied by archaeological evidence. If known, use more specific type.
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SPILLWAY *
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A channel carrying overflow water past a dam. Early 19th century onwards.
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SIGN *
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A board, wall painting or other structure displaying advice, giving information or directions
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GATE *
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A movable stucture which enables or prevents entrance to be gained. Usually situated in a wall or similar barrier and supported by gate posts.
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SHEEP WASH *
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A place used to clean the fleece of sheep before shearing. This could be a watercourse temporarily dammed in order to wash sheep.
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STREAM *
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A natural flow or current of water issuing from a source.
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FENCE *
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A construction of wood or metal used to enclose an area of land, a building, etc.
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RETAINING WALL *
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A wall constructed for the purpose of confining or supporting a mass of earth or water.
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WORKS *
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Usually a complex of buildings for the processing of raw materials. Use specific type where known.
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RESERVOIR *
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A large natural or artificial body of water, sometimes covered, used to collect and store water for a particular function, eg. industrial or public use.
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* Copyright of English Heritage (1999)