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MILLSTONE WORKING SITE * |
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A site where millstones have been cut to shape and/or fabricated from smaller pieces of stone. |
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POST MILL ROUNDHOUSE * |
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A circular or octagonal building at the base of a post mill to provide storage space and to give protection to the superstructure. The roundhouse is not attached to the mill itself. Some roundhouses were later converted for domestic purposes. |
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CLOTH DRESSING MILL * |
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Cloth finishing process using machinery to raise the nap of the cloth before shearing. |
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HORIZONTAL AIR MILL * |
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A type of tower mill, either with turbine-type sails able to take wind from any direction, or with sails working with shrouds to direct wind from one direction. The sails directly drove millstones set beneath them. |
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ROOM AND POWER MILL * |
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A type of textile mill found in Lancashire in the 19th century. Small businesses paid the owner rent for space for their machines, and power from the mill engine or waterwheel. |
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CANNON BORING MILL * |
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A building used for drilling out the bores of cannon and other military pieces. |
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INCORPORATING MILL * |
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A stone edge-runner grinding machine or mill used for mechanically grinding and mixing the ingredients of gunpowder. |
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WALKING STICK MILL * |
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A mill used for the manufacture of walking sticks. |
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MULTI STOREY MILL * |
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A mill, on two or more levels. |
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RAG GRINDING MILL * |
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A mill in which textile rags were ground, either to enable the fibres to be respun or to use the pulp in the manufacture of paper. |
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CHINA STONE MILL * |
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A mill where china stone is grinded. |
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COMBINATION MILL * |
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A flour mill using both stones and rollers to produce flour and, perhaps mainly from the stones, animal feed from grains other than wheat. |
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HOLLOW POST MILL * |
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A post mill in which the drive is taken down to the base of the mill by putting an upright shaft in the hollowed post. |
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PAPER YARN MILL * |
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Factory where yarn is made from paper. |
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SAND PAPER MILL * |
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A mill for producing abravive papers and cloths such as glass paper or emery cloth. |
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SCRIBBLING MILL * |
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A mill used for the preparation of raw fleece etc, for spinning by a coarse form of carding. |
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BOMBASINE MILL * |
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A mill used for the manufacture of twilled dress material of worsted with or without a mixture of cotton or silk. |
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MANGANESE MILL * |
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An mill in which manganese was ground to a powder between two horizontal millstones. |
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SCUTCHING MILL * |
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A mill for the removal by mechanical means of the dried wood and seeds of the flax and cotton plants after retting. The resulting 'tow' is then spun into linen and cotton respectively. |
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THRESHING MILL * |
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A mill which contains machinery for separating grain from the chaff. |
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BEETLING MILL * |
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A finishing process for cloth involving the pounding of the cloth with heavy weights. |
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CALAMINE MILL * |
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A mill used for the preparation and production of Calamine. |
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CALENDER MILL * |
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Finishing process for cloth, especially linen, running the cloth between heavy rollers. |
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CRUSHING MILL * |
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A building containing mechanically powered ore crushers or rollers. |
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DOUBLING MILL * |
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A textile factory where the process of doubling, the twisting together of two spun yarns, takes place. |
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DRAINAGE MILL * |
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Wind or water-powered mill for land drainage in fens or marshlands. |
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DRESSING MILL * |
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A mill used for the sizing and drying of warp threads before they were wound onto warp beams as part of the power-weaving process. |
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OILCLOTH MILL * |
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A mill in which oilcloth (a heavy cotton or linen cloth with a linseed oil coating) was produced. |
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SLITTING MILL * |
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A mill with machinery used to cut slabs of metal into rods, or thin sections, for use in nail making or wire drawing. |
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SPINNING MILL * |
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A mill or factory in which raw cotton, wool, nylon or other material is spun into yarn or thread. |
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STAMPING MILL * |
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Building or structure housing a form of ore crushing device associated with tin mines. |
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TAPESTRY MILL * |
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A factory where tapestries were manufactured. |
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THROWING MILL * |
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A textile mill where thread undergoes the processes of twisting and doubling to provide material strong enough to be spun and woven. |
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BARILLA MILL * |
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A mill used for the preparation of Barilla, an ash of burnt seaweed that was used for the production of soda. |
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BARYTES MILL * |
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A mill in which barytes concentrates were ground to fine white powder, normally by use of flat millstones similar to those of a corn mill. |
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BATTERY MILL * |
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Mill incorporating water-powered hammers for beating brass sheet, etc. into vessels, pots, etc. |
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BLANKET MILL * |
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A factory where lengths of soft, woollen cloth, loosely woven to retain heat, used as a bed covering, were manufactured. |
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CARDING MILL * |
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A small workshop, employing up to 10 men, working on hand-operated carding engines and hand jennies, spinning yarn for handloom weavers. |
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CLINKER MILL * |
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A mill which ground clinker in the cement production process. During cement production a mixture of lime and clay is burnt which forms a clinker which is then ground into powder. When mixed with water it solidifies to hard cement. |
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CRAZING MILL * |
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Mill for fine grinding of tin ore between millstones. |
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FULLING MILL * |
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A mill for beating and cleaning cloth, using soap or fullers earth. |
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JIGGING MILL * |
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A mill used to dress ore by means of a jigging machine. |
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LOGWOOD MILL * |
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A mill used to process logwood, the inner red wood of a South American tree used widely in dyeing. Imported in the form of logs and cut and ground into dye by a mechanical process. |
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MUSTARD MILL * |
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A mill where mustard is produced. |
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PLANING MILL * |
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Mill for producing a smooth surface and edges on newly sawn timber. |
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PLASTER MILL * |
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A factory where rock gypsum is ground into a powder used in the production of plaster. |
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ROLLING MILL * |
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A mill in which sets of rollers were used to roll metal to set thicknesses or shapes such as rails, beams or rods. |
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TEXTILE MILL * |
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Any factory used for the manufacture of textiles. |
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TURBINE MILL * |
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A mill which is powered by a turbine. |
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WADDING MILL * |
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A mill used for the production of wadding, as opposed to yarn or cloth. Often associated with steam or water power. |
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WEAVING MILL * |
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A factory, incorporating power driven machinery from the late 18th century, where cloth was manufactured from threads interlaced at right angles to each other in a loom. |
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WHITING MILL * |
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A building housing machinery for crushing chalk for whiting. Whiting was used in toothpaste, paint, tablets, putty and other products. |
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WOOLLEN MILL * |
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A factory where short wool was spun into woollen yarn to produce cloth. |
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WORSTED MILL * |
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A factory where worsted, a well-twisted woollen yarn made from long staple wool and used in the manufacture of suits and other garments, was produced. |
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ALPACA MILL * |
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A mill where long-staple hair, often from llamas, is made into yarn. |
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BOBBIN MILL * |
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A mill manufacturing bobbins for the textile industry. |
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BORING MILL * |
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A building containing a machine tool for boring out large cylindrical holes in items such as steam engine cylinders, pump barrels, etc. |
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BUTTON MILL * |
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A factory where buttons are manufactured. |
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CALICO MILL * |
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Textile mill producing calico, ie. coarse, unbleached cotton cloth. |
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CARPET MILL * |
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A factory where carpets are manufactured. |
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COLOUR MILL * |
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Grinding mill for producing dyes and pigments from natural materials. |
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COTTON MILL * |
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Usually a cotton spinning factory, although some mills have weaving sheds attached, in which case the end product is completed cloth, not yarn only. |
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HAMMER MILL * |
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A mill, including a forge and powered hammers where hot metal is shaped by hammering and rolling. |
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MORTAR MILL * |
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A mill used for the production of mortar; a combination of sand, lime and water, used to make the joints between courses of bricks in buildings. In more recent times cement has replaced lime to create a quicker drying mortar. |
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NEEDLE MILL * |
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A mill or works where needles were manufactured. |
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PENCIL MILL * |
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A factory where pencils are manufactured. |
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ROLLER MILL * |
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A grain grinding mill in which the meal is ground into flour between revolving metal rolls. |
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SCYTHE MILL * |
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A factory used for the manufacture of scythes. |
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SHODDY MILL * |
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A mill in which poor quality woollen cloth was made from fibres produced by grinding light woollen rags. |
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STARCH MILL * |
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A mill used for the extraction and processing of starch. |
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TIMBER MILL * |
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A mill used to process raw timber. |
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BLOCK MILL * |
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Building housing machinery used in the production of wooden pulley blocks for the rigging of sailing ships. |
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BOARD MILL * |
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A mill used for the production of cardboard and other similar products. |
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CIDER MILL * |
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A HORSE GIN used for domestic cider manufacture, especially on farms. |
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CREPE MILL * |
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A textile mill where crepe is manufactured.Crepe is a fine cloth particularly silk or mixture of silk and cotton. |
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FLINT MILL * |
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A mill for crushing flint. Crushed flint was used in the manufacture of pottery in order to whiten and strengthen the body of earthenware pottery. |
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FLOCK MILL * |
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A mill for shredding cloth, for use in flock paper, etc. |
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FLOUR MILL * |
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A factory where flour was produced for use in food products. |
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LINEN MILL * |
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A mill where flax fibres were woven into linen cloth. |
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MILL HOUSE * |
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The residence of a miller, often attached to a mill. |
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MILL LODGE * |
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A northern term for water reservoirs at steam powered industrial sites that are part of the steam raising plant and are used for recirculating condenser cooling water. The lodge had to be large enough to supply the condenser with cool water for a day. |
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MUNGO MILL * |
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A mill for the manufacture of low grade cloth made from ground-up heavy woollen rags. |
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OCHRE MILL * |
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A mill for grinding ochre for the paint making process. |
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PAPER MILL * |
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A factory where paper is made. Use with power type where known. |
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PUTTY MILL * |
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A factory where putty, used as a means of securing windows and for setting plumbing fixtures, is produced from a combination of whiting and oil. |
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SCREW MILL * |
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A factory used for the manufacture of screws. |
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SMELT MILL * |
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A manufacturing complex incorporating furnaces, calciner and condenser flues. Use SMELTERY for more modern type of plant. |
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SMOCK MILL * |
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A windmill with a stationary timber body which contains the grinding machinery, and which supports a rotating cap in which the sails rotate. |
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SNUFF MILL * |
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A factory where tobacco was ground to form snuff. |
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STEAM MILL * |
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A steam-powered factory. |
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STONE MILL * |
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A flour mill which uses one or more pairs of horizontal millstones to grind wheat into flour which millers call a æsudden deathÆ process; within not more than 90 seconds complete wheat grain becomes wholemeal flour. |
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TOWER MILL * |
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A windmill with a rotating cap containing the windshaft, and a stationary body in the form of a tower. |
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TWEED MILL * |
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A factory where tweed, a twilled woollen fabric with an unfinished surface, is manufactured. |
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TWIST MILL * |
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A mill in which strands of yarn are twisted together to produce a strong thread with a uniform thickness. |
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BARK MILL * |
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Mill for grinding bark usually for use in the tanning industry. Use with power type(s), eg. WATERMILL where known. |
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BONE MILL * |
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A mill for grinding or crushing bones, in the process of making bone china, for example. |
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CLAY MILL * |
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A factory containing machinery for processing clay for the manufacture of bricks, tiles or pottery. |
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CLOG MILL * |
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A factory or site where wooden clogs are manufactured. |
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COMB MILL * |
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A water-powered forge or wire mill which manufactured metal wire combs for use in the textile industry. |
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CORN MILL * |
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A mill for grinding corn. Use with power type where known. |
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FEED MILL * |
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A building or site for the manufacture of livestock fodder. |
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FELT MILL * |
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A textile mill where felt is produced. |
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FLAX MILL * |
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A mill where flax is processed to make linen, thread and yarn. |
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HEMP MILL * |
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A factory where hemp, the woody stalk of the hemp plant, used for the making of coarse cloth and cordage, was processed. |
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JUTE MILL * |
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A factory where jute (plant fibres), was used to make products such as hessian, sacking, cordage and backing materials for carpet and linoleum. |
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MILL POND * |
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The area of water retained above a mill dam for driving a mill. |
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MILL RACE * |
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The channel of water that provides a current of water to drive a millwheel. |
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MILLSTONE * |
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One of a pair of large circular stones used for grinding corn in a mill. |
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POST MILL * |
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A type of windmill, mainly timber-framed, whose body, containing machinery and carrying the sail, rotates about an upright post. |
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PULP MILL * |
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Building housing the machinery for the shredding and grinding of wood in running water and pressing of the resulting fibres into a pulp. |
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SHED MILL * |
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A single storey mill used in the textile industry. |
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SILK MILL * |
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A mill used for the mechanized processing of silk. |
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TAPE MILL * |
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A mill used for the manufacture of narrow strips of woven fabric used in the closing or fixing of garments, or for binding the edges of fabric goods. |
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TIDE MILL * |
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A type of WATERMILL, powered by retaining seawater at high tide and then releasing it at low tide via the water wheel. |
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TUBE MILL * |
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A plant used for the manufacture of tubes and tubing, from wrought iron or steel. |
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WIRE MILL * |
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A factory where metal wire is manufactured. |
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WOAD MILL * |
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A mill for the processes of grinding, balling, couching, drying and packing of woad. The mill can be demountable, enabling it being located close to the fields, as woad crop has to be rotated and move to new fields as soon as the ground is exhausted. |
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YARN MILL * |
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A building containing machinery for the spinning of yarn. |
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GIG MILL * |
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A woollen mill in which the cloth was passed over rollers covered in short spikes to raise the nap in one direction only. |
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MILL DAM * |
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A dam constructed across a stream to raise its water-level and make it available to power a mill wheel. |
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OIL MILL * |
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A factory where fruit and seed oil is produced by an oil machine. |
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PIN MILL * |
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A building or site used for the manufacture of pins. |
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PUG MILL * |
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Machine, frequently horse powered, for mixing raw clay into brick earth. |
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RAG MILL * |
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A mill used for grinding textile rags. |
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SAW MILL * |
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A factory in which logs are converted to timber by running them through a series of saws. |
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TIN MILL * |
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A mill used for the processing of tin ore by crazing, stamping or smelting. |
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MILL * |
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A factory used for processing raw materials. Use more specific mill type where known. See also TEXTILE MILL, for more narrow terms. |
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