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CUP AND RING MARKED STONE * |
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A stone, either in situ or part of a monument, bearing one or more small, roughly hemispherical depressions surrounded by a concentric arrangement of annular or pennanular grooves. More complex designs may also occur. |
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FOUR POSTER STONE CIRCLE * |
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A stone circle featuring four upright stones standing at the corners of an irregular quadrilateral. The monument may feature more than 4 stones, overall, but the corner stones are often the most prominent. |
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PENCIL SHARPENING STONE * |
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A stone, usually found in a schoolyard, either built into a wall or forming part of a free standing structure, on which pencils can be sharpened. Although increasingly rare examples do survive. |
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STONE DISPATCH BUILDING * |
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A building in a quarry consisting of a series of loading bays in which stone is loaded onto wagons. |
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RECUMBENT STONE CIRCLE * |
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A stone circle featuring a stone which lies lengthways between two of the upright standing stones. |
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EMBANKED STONE CIRCLE * |
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A circular arrangement of spaced stone uprights set within a high bank, often interrupted by a formal entrance gap. |
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STONE EXTRACTION SITE * |
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Buildings, sites and structures associated with the extraction of stone. Includes preparation processes. |
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STONE CRUSHING PLANT * |
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A place where pieces of stone are crushed and ground. |
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STONE DRESSING FLOOR * |
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A place where stone is dressed or shaped for use in building, etc. |
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COMMEMORATIVE STONE * |
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A stone commemorating a person or event. |
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CROSS INCISED STONE * |
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A stone with a cross carved into the surface. |
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STONE BREAKING YARD * |
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A place where inmates of a workhouse or prison carried out stone breaking. |
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STONE GRUBBING SITE * |
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A site used for the small scale extraction and working of surface boulders. |
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FLAX BEATING STONE * |
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A stone on which flax stems were beaten with wooden mallets, a process known as beetling. |
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STONE WORKING SITE * |
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A site where rough stone is processed, shaped, worked or formed into finished products. |
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STONE AXE FACTORY * |
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Source from which stone utilized for the manufacture of non-flint artefacts, including axes, was obtained. Applied only to sources exploited during the Neolithic and earlier Bronze Age. Do not use for flint mining or knapping sites. |
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CHINA STONE MILL * |
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A mill where china stone is grinded. |
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CORONATION STONE * |
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A stone on which a monarch traditionally sat during the coronation ceremony. |
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CUP MARKED STONE * |
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A stone, either in situ or part of a monument, bearing one or more small, roughly hemispherical depressions, generally created by chipping or pecking. |
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DEDICATION STONE * |
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A commemorative stone inscribed with a dedicatory inscription to a person or event. |
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STONEMASONS YARD * |
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A complex, comprising a workshop and a storage yard, used by a stonemason. |
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CENTURIAL STONE * |
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An inscribed marker stone found on Hadrian's Wall. |
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DIRECTION STONE * |
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A stone, situated alongside a road, providing directions to travellers. |
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INSCRIBED STONE * |
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An early Medieval commemorative monument in the form of a stone which has been inscribed with symbols. |
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RECUMBENT STONE * |
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A stone or boulder which lies lengthways on the ground and may be used as a table, altar etc. Use only for isolated stones. |
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STEPPING STONES * |
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Stones placed in the bed of a stream or on wet ground, to enable crossing on foot. |
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STONE ALIGNMENT * |
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A single line, or two or more roughly parallel lines, of standing stones set at intervals along a common axis or series of axes. |
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VITRIFIED STONE * |
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A stone, of unidentified function, showing evidence of great heating at some point in the past, leading to vitrification. |
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BOUNDARY STONE * |
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A stone that indicates the limit of an area or piece of land. |
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SOCKETED STONE * |
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A stone which has a socket for an unknown function. Use specific term where known. |
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STANDING STONE * |
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A stone or boulder which has been deliberately set upright in the ground. Use only for isolated stones. Otherwise use specific type where known. |
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TAKE OFF STONE * |
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A stone used to instruct a coachman to unhitch a horse, previously taken on to help pull the coach up a steep gradient. |
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TERMINUS STONE * |
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To mark the end of a turnpike road. |
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HOGBACK STONE * |
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A North country memorial imitating a wattled hut decorated with formalized bears or snakes. |
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RUBBING STONE * |
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A large stone used by cattle to rub up against and so scratch themselves. |
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STADDLE STONE * |
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Mushroom-shaped stones used to raise the floor of barns, granaries etc. above ground level, to prevent vermin gaining access to stored grain and fodder. |
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STONE SETTING * |
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An arrangement of one or more standing stones. Use particularly for isolated recumbent stones, or where original form of monument unclear. Use specific type where known. |
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CARVED STONE * |
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A stone (including standing stones, natural boulders and rock outcrops) decorated with carved motifs. |
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COFFIN STONE * |
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A stone found on route to a churchyard on which the coffin is rested during transportation. |
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MARKER STONE * |
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A stone erected to mark a particular spot in the landscape. Can be used for various reasons. |
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OX BOW STONE * |
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Stone for holding ox yokes. |
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PILLOW STONE * |
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A small Anglo-Saxon cross-slab buried on the breast or beneath the head of a corpse. |
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PLAGUE STONE * |
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A stone on which plague victims placed vinegar-disinfected money to pay for food left for them by the townspeople. |
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PUT ON STONE * |
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A stone used to instruct a coachman to take an extra trace horse to assist on roads of a steep gradient. |
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STONE AVENUE * |
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A monument consisting of parallel lines of standing stones, which appears to mark out an approach to another monument or monuments. |
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STONE CIRCLE * |
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An approximately circular or oval setting of spaced, usually freestanding, upright stones. More than one circle may be present, arranged concentrically. |
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STONE QUARRY * |
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An excavation from which stone for building is obtained by cutting, blasting etc. |
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CLAIM STONE * |
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A marker stone erected to indicate a claim to the rights, usually mineral, of an area. |
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HOLED STONE * |
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An upright, or originally upright, stone featuring a hole which is often large enough in diameter for a person to pass through, eg. Men an Tol, Cornwall. Do not use for perforated portable stone artefacts. |
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KNOCK STONE * |
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A stone or platform on which lumps of ore are manually broken up. |
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OGHAM STONE * |
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Upright stones engraved on the edges with a Celtic script consisting of lines or notches. |
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STONE BLOCK * |
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A piece of stone, usually shaped, of uncertain origin or use. |
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STONE STORE * |
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A building or area where stone is stored for industrial or agricultural use. |
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STONE TABLE * |
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A table made of stone, found in streets, parks, etc. |
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DATE STONE * |
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A stone commemorating the date of a specific event. |
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FISH STONE * |
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A stone slab, raised on stone or wooden piers, used for the display of fresh fish. Usually found in market places. |
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RUNE STONE * |
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A stone on which Runes have been inscribed. Often used as memorials though not always associated with a burial. |
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STONE COVE * |
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A group of, usually three, standing stones forming a square with an open side and often found with a stone circle. |
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STONE MILL * |
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A flour mill which uses one or more pairs of horizontal millstones to grind wheat into flour which millers call a æsudden deathÆ process; within not more than 90 seconds complete wheat grain becomes wholemeal flour. |
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STONE * |
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Use only where stone is natural or where there is no indication of function. |
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